top of page
  • Writer's pictureDeric Hollings

KKK

Updated: Sep 21, 2022


The first song I ever heard by Maxo Kream was “Grannies.” His circular breathing technique, storytelling ability, Texas upbringing, and groovy background were of interest to me, as we share some things in common.


His 2015 album Maxo 187 features a song entitled “KKK,” or Ku Klux Klan, which likely won’t be appreciated by many people reading this entry. This is understandable and I invite you to forego the current post if challenging racial matters isn’t of interest to you.


What I like about this song is that Maxo doesn’t conform to a sociopolitical narrative that infantilizes black people, maintains a victimhood narrative, or drones on about “white privilege and superiority.”


Whether using the poor analogy of a social pendulum swinging, the drowning of so-called “wokeism” by a predicted red wave in November 2022, or the rhyming—rather than repeating—of history to a point whereby the popular “white shaming” or “white guilt” of today is popular, I suspect change is forthcoming.


There is a prevailing lie regarding black-on-black crime existing as nothing more than a “myth.” To suggest otherwise may result in raiding, doxing, canceling, mobbing, or some other form of group bullying supposedly aimed at “speaking truth to power,” promoting “social justice,” or being on the “right side of history.”


I take part in none of that.


Rather, I appreciate how Maxo Kream’s song comports with “Hume’s Law”—a philosophy arising when a person makes claims about what ought to be, based solely on notions about what is. In my opinion, there is a significant number of people within United States (U.S.) society who violate this is-ought proposition.


In “KKK,” Maxo doesn’t whine about how supposedly oppressed he is, exaggerate the significance of his inner-city upbringing, claim that white people are the cause of all his woes, or rap about how he has no agency for his behavior.


Maxo raps about killing black people rather than donning “magnificent clothes that are invisible to those who are stupid or incompetent”—the clothing of metaphorically fart-sniffingsocial change agents” who presumably deny reality in favor of a reimagining utopic diversity, inclusivity, equity, and accessibility actions.


Maxo doesn’t declare how things ought to be. He raps about what is.


At this point in the blog post, reasonable questions arise. Allow me to answer these perceived queries.

1) Am I advocating violence? No.

2) Am I glorifying black-on-black violence? No.

3) Am I suggesting it is better to tell the truth about killing than to shift blame about violence to white people as a whole? I value the truth, not partisan narratives.

4) What is the point of this entry? Read further, if you’ll allow for an open mind.


Though I’m not fond of doing so, I’ll play the multiracial card when it benefits me—and my hand contains a spade. As such, I do believe my people have agency, I denounce the soft bigotry of low expectations, and I reject the perception of black supremacy—in part, the idea of my people being blameless from crimes, sin, or other criticism.


Recently, vice president of the U.S., Kamala Harris, stated, “We are a nation in mourning as a result of gun violence. Black people are 13% of America’s population, and I think it’s 62% of homicide victims to gun violence.”


Who might be responsible for so many deaths of black lives—the Proud Boys, Oath Keepers, Patriot Front, Three Percenters, KKK, or other alleged “extremist groups,” as listed by the Southern Poverty Law Center? Not according to statistics.


Per the U.S. Census Bureau, in 2020, black people comprised 12.4% of the population, though Harris may have been mistaking the 2010 data, which claimed 13.4%. Nonetheless, the Federal Bureau of Investigation has noted that in fairly recent history blacks represented 54.2% of murder offenders.


The Anti-Defamation League considers 13/52 to be a “numeric hate symbol,” because a number of people on the Internet use it to highlight how black people are overrepresented in homicide statistics. Why might this be?


Harris’ 62% statistic stems from a 2020 assessment from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in which it was claimed, “Longstanding systemic inequities and structural racism have resulted in limited economic, housing, and educational opportunities associated with inequities in risk for violence and other health conditions among various racial and ethnic groups.”


Continuing the racial signaling, a separate source declared, “By raw numbers, there were 19,350 gun homicides in 2020, with African Americans accounting for 62% of the total and white people 21%.”


It’s almost as though some people are upset that white people don’t die by homicide at as high a rate as black people. Black people are overrepresented as offenders and victims of violent crime—perhaps for a reason other than race-grifting tropes.


I’m left unsurprised by this factual evidence. After all, it was Harris who in 2019 reported, “Too many unarmed [b]lack men have been shot and killed by law enforcement. As president, I’ll enact: A national standard of using deadly force only as a last resort[.] Independent investigations of police shootings[.] De-escalation training[.]”


Using the availability heuristic—thinking events occur at a higher rate than they actually do, because selective information is displayed to people—consider the following. It is often stated that police shoot unarmed black men at a higher rate than whites, as Harris suggested.


Some even claim that black people are “literally hunted everyday.” This sounds like a fear-inducing narrative if ever I’ve heard one. However, 2021 data suggest that between 13 and 27 unarmed black men were killed by police in 2019, and that “very liberal” survey participants estimated the number to be 1,000 or more.


What may explain this disparity? Roland Freyer, PhD (a black man) conducted a study regarding racial disparity in U.S. policing. He found that “on the most extreme use of force – officer-involved shootings – we are unable to detect any racial differences in either the raw data or when accounting for controls.”


Is it perhaps because so many social, corporate, political, and academic entities use narrative alarmism that it would appear to the uniformed that there is a “crisis” of black people being “slaughtered” by law enforcement officers (LEOs)? Who does this narrative help?


In theatrical magic, misdirection occurs when audience attention is drawn to one thing while another thing is deceptively missed, in some instances referred to as a Kansas City Shuffle. Similar self-deception occurs when one values feels over reals—foregoing consideration of reality for emotively-driven narratives.


I recall having a conversation with my late stepmother (a black woman) about LEO-involved shooting of black people in the U.S. She outright refused to believe any statistical data I offered, because it didn’t comport with what she claimed to “feel” was true.


Contrary to popular opinion, I see no evidence for such a thing as feeling truth or a personal truth, nor is so-called “lived experience”(or “standpoint epistemology,” in the literature) relevant when discussing observed data outside of one’s own body. You’re welcome to disagree.


Suppose people heard that the U.S. Department of Justice found in a longitudinal study—regarding examination of homicide trends from 1980-2008—that, “In 2008, the offending rate for blacks (24.7 offenders per 100,000) was 7 times higher than the rate for whites (3.4 offenders per 100,000).”


Imagine instead of focusing on the relatively low number of incidents involving police shooting of unarmed black people the public knew that in a longitudinal study by the U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics, assessing crime statistics from 1976-2005, it was concluded that black people killed other blacks 94% of the time.


Enter: Maxo Kream.


In “KKK,” Maxo states the following:

“If it’s beef, then we gonna’ get you murdered. (Kill a nigga.) If it’s beef, then we lookin’ for ya’ mother. (Where she at?) 3 K’s in the back, with bullets in ‘em. (Uh-huh.) 3 K’s, ‘cause I don’t like niggas. (No I don’t.) Got my finger on the AK trigger. (Pow pow.) 3 K’s, ‘cause I don’t like niggas.”


How is 13/52 considered hateful with lyrics such as these? Are systemic inequities, structural racism, or limited economic, housing, and educational opportunities to blame for someone outright declaring he hates other black people?


Surely, someone will say, “Deric, it’s obvious that Maxo is expressing internalized racism.” There appears to be an excuse for almost every critical assessment of the precious victimhood narrative that generates billions of dollars towards racial grifting campaigns.


For those unfamiliar with Maxo’s reference in the verse, the 3 K’s he refers to are Kalashnikov rifles, also known as AK-47s. In person, I’ve witnessed rounds from these firearms penetrate standard sandbags; whereas the much maligned AR-15 .223 and .556 rounds don’t have the penetrating power.


Imagine what the AK’s 7.62 round can do to a soft target, such as the human bodies to which Maxo refers. Can one honestly blame housing inequality on a person’s decision to mow down another human being with a choppa?


Here’s another excerpt from the song:

“Catch a nigga with a Smith & Wesson, shoot him while he least expect it. No eye-witness, no confession, no police, and no detectives. Nigga gotta’ choppa’, hit ‘em. Grim reaper, then the reverend. Momma crying, momma miss him. Young Max god, I don’t forgive him. Nigga wanna’ plex, like hold up. Bullet hit his head, then he fold up. I don’t kid around, I’m a grown up. Shoot a nigga down, then I po’ up.”


While not all 62% of black homicides can be attributed to other black people, can we agree that some—or perhaps even many—of these murders are from people who maintain similar views as Maxo Kream’s character when rapping?


Or, is one simply unprepared to acknowledge reality while opting for the racial grift that keeps on grifting by declaring the “pernicious, pervasive” boogeyman of white racism as being responsible for these deaths?


I practice Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), with which I assist clients by disputing irrational beliefs that impact emotions, affect the body, and drive behavior. While I won’t delve into the nuances of my practice within the current entry, I invite you to read the following blog post entries that better explain the disputation process I’m about to demonstrate:



Anecdotally, both in a personal and professional capacity, I’ve experienced a significant number of people who express being offended on behalf of someone else. I’ve had people lecture me about how Black Lives Matter Most (or something like that), “educate” me about black victimization, and demand that I adopt outrage concerning the current thing involving my people.


Mostly, these should, must, and ought prescriptions for life stem from non-black people. Can you imagine me—a masculine male, or adult human male classified as a man—lecturing a woman about how a woman should be?


For the following disputation example, I will use the fictitious name Karen Redoogod.


Karen is precisely the sort of person who during the so-called “summer of love” 2020—when a purported “$1 billion to $2 billion” in property damage resulted and “roughly a dozen, or as many as 19” people, to include black lives, were killed during “fiery but mostly peaceful” protests—engaged others in discussions about their “white privilege,” recommended heavily divisive and overtly prejudiced writings, and patronizingly coddled black people.


Suppose I saw Karen as a client and she continually disturbed herself into a frenzy of hypervigilance, panic, and rage. Despite what some may think, asserting, “Karens cannot be reasoned with,” use of disputation may benefit Karen Redoogod.


While disputing beliefs occupies more time in sessions than any other element of my REBT practice, I won’t go too far into detail about the finer points of disputation herein. Still, it may be useful to highlight some disputes I’d use with Karen.


For your convenience, I will italicize Karen’s demandingness statements. Let us begin—


Karen: That poor Maxo Kream, he’s been damaged by “white-dominant culture.” People shouldn’t hold him accountable for his actions. White people ought to be more understanding. We, as a society, mustdo better!”


Me: It sounds as though you’re passionate about this topic, Karen. I’m wondering how it is I may help you, because I don’t have society in front of me, and you and I can’t change the world in this session.


Karen: That’s just it; we need to “change the world!” We have to be “good allies” to the marginalized, underrepresented, disadvantaged, disenfranchised, and oppressedblack, indigenous, and people of color [BIPOC]!


Me: Earlier, you mentioned how upset you’ve been when thinking about how others must not criticize Maxo Kream, because you’ve gone back and forth with people in a YouTube comment section. This relates to the idea of how people should not hold BIPOC accountable for actions today, largely tied to what you termed a “legacy of white supremacy,” “systems of oppression,” and “intrinsic racism” in the U.S.


If I heard you correctly, you said you’ve had disrupted sleep, racing thoughts, panic attacks, tightness in your chest, irritability with others, inability to enjoy a number of activities, and you’ve gotten into a couple physical altercations in public, as well as online arguments. Did I hear all that right?


Karen: Yes! Yes! You get it.


Me: As I’ve mentioned, you and I can’t change society in this session. What we can do is address what you’ve told yourself about how others behave, which in turn affects the consequences of these beliefs. Would you be open to working on yourself?


Karen: I mean, yeah. I’d like to change the world, but I can start with myself.


Me: Excellent. When you read that someone on YouTube said Maxo could take personal responsibility and accountability for his actions, what exactly was it you told yourself about that comment?


Karen: Well, he’s a black man in the U.S. What more needs to be said? I mean, Maxo is impacted by historic and systemic racism.


Me: Let us set aside the fact that Emekwanem Ogugua Biosah Jr.’s dad emigrated to the U.S. from Nigeria, though his mom is said to have been born in the U.S. Are you saying that slavery, Jim Crow, racism, and other factors better account for Maxo’s behavior than his own choices do?


Karen: It’s not like those things don’t affect his decisions. How couldn’t they?


Me: Do you think Maxo has agency—that he is personally responsible and accountable for his actions?


Karen: It depends. I think the system he’s exposed to forces him to do things others may not approve of. So, I think it’s wonderful that he’s found a way to be a successful black man in a horrifically racist country. But, it’s not like others wouldn’t have it another way if they could. So I can’t rule out the impact of a system beset against him.


Me: If I’m hearing you correctly—and please tell me if I’m way off here—are you saying that if Maxo succeeds it’s because of his own behavior, though if he fails it’s because of the system?


Karen: Now that you put it that way, I can see what you’re implying.


Me: To me, it sounds like a doting parent who selectively chooses to praise a child as all good while ignoring the humanity of the individual, ignoring that a person—even a child—is capable of making errors, behaving poorly, and failing in a major way. Do you see how this infantilization of black people could be perceived by some as degrading or unhelpful?


Karen: My heart’s in a good place. I’m just so tired of racial hatred that I look forward to “the end of whiteness.”


Me: Goodness! Did you stretch before making that leap? One moment, you’re claiming that people shouldn’t hold Maxo accountable for his actions, speaking about how white people ought to be more understanding, and claiming that society must do better. Now, you’re outright calling for the eradication of your own race? How’d we get here?


Karen: I don’t know. It’s all just so…awful. I just want to be a good ally and for everyone to live in peace.


Me: Can you tell me more about what being a good ally means to you?


Karen: Sure. There are all these rules of how I’m supposed to be. I can’t speak to BIPOC about certain matters, though I should uplift their voices—giving them a platform—with non-BIPOC people. I must also educate white people about the struggle of non-white people. I ought to do more, so that’s why I got into it with people in the YouTube comment section, because I’m being a good ally.


Me: It sounds as though there’s a paradox occurring. I have some background with activism, so let’s see if I understand the matter. Let me know if I get any of this wrong. As a good ally, you are supposed to remain silent when BIPOC speak. Likewise, silence is akin to violence. You’re required to speak your lived experience, yet speaking in this manner to BIPOC is perceived as an assertion of dominance—maintaining power and privilege over a marginalized group of people, thus making you an oppressor.


If you say it’s been prescribed to you by BIPOC that you may only use your voice to non-BIPOC people, it occurs to me that this rigid prescription constitutes the very traits you see yourself fighting against—power and privilege. And if so, it seems that BIPOC is simultaneously disadvantaged while maintaining the advantage of demanding that you should live your life in a prescribed way. Karen, how do you reconcile these seemingly obvious contradictions?


Karen: That’s just it, I can’t reconcile it. I just want to be a good person.


Me: Do you believe you’re a good person, Karen?


Karen: I don’t know that I get to say whether I am or not. Isn’t that for others to say?


Me: I’m uncertain of that. It seems to me that if you outsource your personal worth to the demands of others, you may not measure up as much as you’d like. What do you think?


Karen: I suppose so. Let me ask you a question. Do you think people like Maxo Kream are responsible for their actions, given the state of our nation and its history towards black people?


Me: I have more questions than answers regarding most things. As I’m familiar with Maxo’s music, I wonder if you’d be interested in exploring the answer to your question by playing a game of phrase association. I’ll quote a Maxo verse and you tell me whether or not you think he maintains ownership for the message he puts into the world. Maybe you’ll excuse everything Maxo says and simply blame white people for everything. Who knows? Would you be open to seeing what comes up?


Karen: Let’s do it!


Me: Great. Since we’re both adults and can handle gamer words, I’ll be using Maxo’s sentiment rather than censoring myself.


In his song “Murder,” Maxo raps, “Posted by the park, smoking dope, set chilling when some niggas pulled up and start set tripping. One of the homies took aim and let the burner flame. By that night, cuz had a new nickname, we left the scene, went home, and my clothes changed. We all had the same story, on the same page. If the cops come, my nigga, I don’t know a name. But if the opps come, my pistol it will do the same.”


In this song, would you blame marginalization for Maxo’s behavior?


Karen: No, not really. I mean, there may be contributing factors such as socioeconomic status that contributes to his actions. But, generally speaking, we’re talking about murdering other people here.


Me: Ok. In his song “Murda Blocc,” Maxo states, “I’m on murda blocc, with the Forum Park gorillas. We got your homies shot, and you still ain’t try to kill us. Overheard the opps, say they Kream Clique killa. What they talkin’ ‘bout? They ain’t kill no Kream Clique nigga. Tote banana clips, catch a monkey slippin’, then we kill him. We lurkin’ on his block while he lurkin’ on my Twitter. Draco baby choppa, pull up to his casa, we can’t find him. Tryna hide, no problem, we gon’ pop his mama and his papa.”


Is it your contention that Maxo had poor schooling, not enough government assistance, or less advantages than other people—whites, perhaps—and this led Maxo to refer to other black people as gorillas and monkeys, rapping about killing his enemies and their families?


Karen: Those things may contribute, but no. I wouldn’t say he has no personal responsibility. All of that sounds atrocious.


Me: Ok, one more, and I think this one may speak to the victimhood narrative in your responses to these verses.


In his song “Greener Knots,” Maxo claims, “Okay, I seen a lot. Came from the slums, had to get it out the mud. No love, to me, that means a lot. Glock for my guns, hear the cops, better run. Head to the sun, clouds, ‘cause I still dream a lot. Never had nothin’, tryna run the money up, leave it all for my son. Them greener knots. Don’t know about you but to me; that means a lot.”


We can agree that Maxo discusses being historically disadvantaged in his younger years. Additionally, he expresses wanting to provide a better life for his child in the future. Does any of this deprive Maxo of personal responsibility and accountability regarding how he behaves in the present—as depicted during the moment his songs are recorded and released?


Karen: No, not necessarily.


Me: When you say people shouldn’t hold Maxo accountable for his actions, after hearing only a small sample of his lyrics, what’s your outlook now?


Karen: It sounds like he may’ve had it rough. I’ll never know that lifestyle. Still, if he does want to provide a better future for himself and others, I’m not sure violence is the solution. Maybe some accountability is needed.


Me: Well put. You spoke about how white people ought to be more understanding, as I think you’ve clearly demonstrated this objective today. Rather than disturbing yourself, trying to change the world, or becoming outraged by sociopolitical matters, what would you say to practicing unconditional acceptance?


Karen: I think it would be great. You know, it’s exhausting trying to keep up with all the moral outrage.


Me: I imagine it would be taxing to frequently claim that people in society must do better. While I’m not a fan of crybullies, it sounds as though you’re reassessing your participation in activities promoted by people who say things like, “[N]ice white people who do nothing further to challenge racism are racist.”


Likewise, those who propose, “There is no such thing as a not-racist idea, only racist ideas and antiracist ideas,” are creating a binary you may not want to adopt. These people are shoulding all over you and the rest of the world. What a mess!


What negotiated homework do you think would best assist you with reinforcing what we’ve worked on today?


Karen: I think working on unconditional self-acceptance, other acceptance, and life acceptance—like we’ve discussed previously—are concepts I need to spend more time on. What I can do is spend less time going at people in social media comment sections and instead focus on improving myself. Besides, demanding that others “do better” seems a bit insincere, self-righteous, and performative when I’m not demonstrating the change I demand others to undergo.


Me: Well said, Karen. We fallible human beings are something else! As long as we’re above ground, we can continue pursuing purpose, seeking meaning, and enjoying Maxo Kream’s music, even if we’d not behave as the character in many of his songs does.


Dear reader, I’m well aware of the fact that not all people are as reasonable as Karen depicted above. Changing someone’s mind isn’t an easy task, which isn’t necessarily my aim when practicing REBT.


Rather, I seek to show clients how they may dispute irrational beliefs—those convictions that do not require evidence in order to exist, which lead to unhelpful or unhealthy consequences (i.e., panic, rage, going HAM on someone in the YouTube comment section, etc.).


This can prove especially difficult when emotively-driven social ideologies, political partisan views, and racial matters are concerned. Simply because something is hard doesn’t mean it isn’t worth pursuing or that it’s impossible to address.


I’m not seeking to change the world when working with clients. For all anyone knows, I may be a tyrant who seeks to backup sewers, reverse street signs, and steal everyone’s left shoe. One never knows.


Worse yet, I could be the authoritarian-minded individual who promotes raiding, doxing, canceling, mobbing, group bullying, “speaking truth to power,” promoting “social justice,” or claiming to be on the “right side of history.”


Can you imagine? Karen can. So, too, can those who fail to dispute their irrational beliefs when reading the current blog post. “I’m overwhelmed by the irony.”


If you’re looking for a provider who works to help you understand how thinking impacts physical, mental, emotional, and behavioral elements of your life, I invite you to reach out today by using the contact widget on my website.


As a psychotherapist, I’m pleased to help people with an assortment of issues ranging from anger (hostility, rage, and aggression) to relational issues, adjustment matters, trauma experience, justice involvement, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety and depression, and other mood or personality-related matters.


At Hollings Therapy, LLC, serving all of Texas, I aim to treat clients with dignity and respect while offering a multi-lensed approach to the practice of psychotherapy and life coaching. My mission includes: Prioritizing the cognitive and emotive needs of clients, an overall reduction in client suffering, and supporting sustainable growth for the clients I serve. Rather than simply helping you to feel better, I want to help you get better!



Deric Hollings, LPC, LCSW



References:


Ak33. (2020, November 7). Choppa. Urban Dictionary. Retrieved from https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Choppa

Alexander, R. (2022, June 19). Whine! Whine! Whine! REBT Info. Retrieved from https://rebtinfo.com/whine-whine-whine-2/

American Medical Association. (2021, November 3). What is structural racism? Retrieved from https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/health-equity/what-structural-racism

Anonymous. (2003, April 26). Beef. Urban Dictionary. Retrieved from https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Beef

Asare, J. G. (2020, February 17). 4 ways to deconstruct systems of oppression. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/janicegassam/2020/02/17/4-ways-to-deconstruct-systems-of-oppression/

Atcheson, S. (2021, January 5). There is no race card to play because race is intertwined into everything. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/shereeatcheson/2021/01/05/there-is-no-race-card-to-play-because-race-is-intertwined-into-everything/

Avast. (n.d.). What is doxing and how can you prevent it? Retrieved from https://www.avast.com/c-what-is-doxxing

Beckett, L. (2020, October 31). At least 25 Americans were killed during protests and political unrest in 2020. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/oct/31/americans-killed-protests-political-unrest-acled

Blue Oracle. (2018, November 27). Lilo and Stitch: Steal everyone’s left shoe [Video]. YouTube. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/-DIHFMLQ4ks

BMJ. (2020, October 27). Fatal police shootings of unarmed black people in US more than 3 times as high as in whites. Retrieved from https://www.bmj.com/company/newsroom/fatal-police-shootings-of-unarmed-black-people-in-us-more-than-3-times-as-high-as-in-whites/

Bobrobbio. (2022, April 18). Current thing. Urban Dictionary. Retrieved from https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=the%20current%20thing

Boren, C. (2020, May 7). LeBron James on Ahmaud Arbery shooting: ‘We’re literally hunted everyday.’ The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/2020/05/07/lebron-james-ahmaud-arbery-shooting-were-literally-hunted-everyday/

Brownstein, R. (2022, July 12). This may be Democrats’ only chance to blunt a red wave in November. CNN. Retrieved from https://www.cnn.com/2022/07/12/politics/democrats-prevent-red-wave-midterm-elections-analysis/index.html

Caporuscio, J. (2020, June 12). Everything you need to know about white fragility. Medical News Today. Retrieved from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/white-fragility-definition

Cohon, R. (2018). Hume’s moral philosophy. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved from https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/hume-moral/#io

Collins, C. (2018). What is white privilege, really? Learning for Justice. Retrieved from https://www.learningforjustice.org/magazine/fall-2018/what-is-white-privilege-really

Collins, M. (2020, November). Why I’m no longer talking to black people about race. The Critic. Retrieved from https://thecritic.co.uk/issues/november-2020/why-im-no-longer-talking-to-black-people-about-race/

Collins, S. (2020, June 17). The systemic racism black Americans face, explained in 9 charts. Vox. Retrieved from https://www.vox.com/2020/6/17/21284527/systemic-racism-black-americans-9-charts-explained

Comedy Central. (2019, November 11). Clayton Bigsby, the world’s only black white supremacist - Chappelle’s show [Video]. YouTube. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/BLNDqxrUUwQ

Concha, J. (2020, August 27). CNN ridiculed for ‘Fiery but mostly peaceful’ caption with video of burning building in Kenosha. The Hill. Retrieved from https://thehill.com/homenews/media/513902-cnn-ridiculed-for-fiery-but-mostly-peaceful-caption-with-video-of-burning/

Cooper, A. & Smith, E. L. (2011, November). Homicide trends in the United States, 1980-2008: Annual rates for 2009 and 2010. U.S. Department of Justice. Retrieved from https://bjs.ojp.gov/content/pub/pdf/htus8008.pdf

Corporate Finance Institute. (2022, May 8). Social justice. Retrieved from https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/knowledge/other/social-justice/

Cuncic, A. (2021, September 22). How can disputation help manage social anxiety. Verywell Mind. Retrieved from https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-disputation-3024547

Davidson, K. (2022, April 6). Why we use BIPOC. YWCA. Retrieved from https://www.ywcaworks.org/blogs/ywca/wed-04062022-0913/why-we-use-bipoc

Decision Lab, The. (n.d.). Why do we tend to think that things that happened recently are more likely to happen again? Retrieved from https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/availability-heuristic

DePaul University. (n.d.). How to be an antiracist: Ibram X. Kendi. Retrieved from https://offices.depaul.edu/diversity/education/presidents-book-club/PublishingImages/Pages/default/Kendi%27s%20Glossary%20of%20Terms.pdf

Denverkid. (2008, November 29). Fart sniffer. Urban Dictionary. Retrieved from https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Fart%20Sniffer

DiAngelo, R. (2011). White fragility. International Journal of Critical Pedagogy. Retrieved from https://libjournal.uncg.edu/ijcp/article/viewFile/249/116

Dietrich, E. (2016, June 25). The psychology of truth: Feeling it. Psychology Today. Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/excellent-beauty/201606/the-psychology-truth-feeling-it

Dryden, W. & Neenan, M. (2020). Negotiate suitable homework assignments. Taylor & Francis Group. Retrieved from https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/mono/10.4324/9781003132493-68/negotiate-suitable-homework-assignments-windy-dryden-michael-neenan

Dzidziguri, L. (2014, February 19). Lucky Number Slevin - Kansas City Shuffle [Video]. YouTube. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/ag31JHU8LPU

Enriquez, A. (2021, October 25). Q. How does fair use work for book covers, album covers, and movie posters? Penn State. Retrieved from https://psu.libanswers.com/faq/336502

Eoki. (2019, January 3). Gamer word. Urban Dictionary. Retrieved from https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Gamer%20word

FamousBirthsDeaths. (n.d.). Maxo Kream bio, net worth, height. Retrieved from https://www.famousbirthsdeaths.com/maxo-kream/

Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2017). 2017 crime in the United States: Expanded homicide. Department of Justice. Retrieved from https://ucr.fbi.gov/crime-in-the-u.s/2017/crime-in-the-u.s.-2017/topic-pages/expanded-homicide

Fox, J. A. & Zawitz, M. W. (2007, July). Homicide trends in the United States. Bureau of Justice Statistics. Retrieved from https://bjs.ojp.gov/content/pub/pdf/htius.pdf

Friedersdorf, C. (2018, January 9). The difference between speaking ‘your truth’ and ‘the truth.’ The Atlantic. retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2018/01/the-power-and-perils-of-speaking-your-truth/549968/

Fryer, Jr., R. G. (2016). An empirical analysis of racial differences in police use of force. National Bureau of Economic Research. Retrieved from https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w22399/w22399.pdf

Gandhi, L. (2013, September 23). Is it racist to ‘call a spade a spade’? NPR. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2013/09/19/224183763/is-it-racist-to-call-a-spade-a-spade

Glass, K. (2020, June 8). Black kids are watching this moment. What will it teach them? Vox. Retrieved from https://www.vox.com/first-person/2020/6/8/21283764/black-children-protests-george-floyd-teach

Greenberg, S. (2020, June 23). Learn the three types of binary thinking. Clearer Thinking. Retrieved from https://www.clearerthinking.org/post/2020/06/23/learn-the-three-types-of-binary-thinking

Hamshanks. (2021, August 16). Wokeism. Urban Dictionary. Retrieved from https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Wokeism

Hankins, J. (2021). How to be on the right side of history. First Things. Retrieved from https://www.firstthings.com/web-exclusives/2021/11/how-to-be-on-the-right-side-of-history

Harrris, K. [@KamalaHarris]. (2019, September 9). Too many unarmed black men have been shot and killed by law enforcement. As president, I’ll enact: A national standard of using deadly force only as a last resort Independent investigations of police shootings De-escalation training [Tweet]. Twitter. Retrieved from https://twitter.com/kamalaharris/status/1171141475033333766

Hinton, E., Henderson, L., & Reed, C. (2018, May). Vera Institute of Justice. Retrieved from https://www.vera.org/downloads/publications/for-the-record-unjust-burden-racial-disparities.pdf

Hollings, D. (2022, July 9). Calling DIBs on gibs. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/calling-dibs-on-gibs

Hollings, D. (2022, May 17). Circle of concern. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/circle-of-concern

Hollings, D. (2022, March 15). Disclaimer. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/disclaimer

Hollings, D. (2022, July 6). Disturbing democracy. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/disturbing-democracy

Hollings, D. (n.d.). Hollings Therapy, LLC [Official website]. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/

Hollings, D. (2022, March 25). Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT). Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/rational-emotive-behavior-therapy-rebt

Hollings, D. (2022, June 27). Rigid terms of service. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/rigid-terms-of-service

Hollings, D. (2022, July 11). Unconditional acceptance. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/unconditional-acceptance

Hot 97. (2019, July 24). Maxo Kream talks new album, Houston hip hop, and his Nigerian background [Video]. YouTube. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/xHx8Ju-ii84

IGI Global. (n.d.). What is systemic inequity? Retrieved from https://www.igi-global.com/dictionary/challenging-the-poverty-narrative-through-childrens-literature/101949

Jagoo, K. (2020, October 1). What is white guilt? Verywell Mind. Retrieved from https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-white-guilt-5074960

Jino, M. J. & Dyram, L. (2017, November 27). The mediating role of moral ownership in the relationship between organizational support and employees’ ethical behavior: A study of higher education faculty members. Ethics & Behavior. Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10508422.2017.1409628?journalCode=hebh20

Johnson, T. (2020, June 11). When black people are in pain, white people just join book clubs. The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/white-antiracist-allyship-book-clubs/2020/06/11/9edcc766-abf5-11ea-94d2-d7bc43b26bf9_story.html

Jones, N., Marks, R., Ramirez, R., & Rios-Vargas, M. (2021, August 12). 2020 Census illuminates racial and ethnic composition of the country. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved from https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2021/08/improved-race-ethnicity-measures-reveal-united-states-population-much-more-multiracial.html

Josephs, B. (2019, July 3). Holding court with Maxo Kream, rap’s reigning storyteller. SteroGum. Retrieved from https://www.stereogum.com/2049966/maxo-kream-interview/interviews/

Karson, M. (2021, July 20). The problem with claims of “lived experience.” Psychology Today. Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/feeling-our-way/202107/the-problem-claims-lived-experience

Kaufman, S. B. (2020, June 29). Unraveling the mindset of victimhood. Scientific American. Retrieved from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/unraveling-the-mindset-of-victimhood/

Kegler, S. R., Simon, T. R., Zwald, M. L., Chen, M. S., Mercy, J. A., Jones, C. M., Mercado-Crespo, M. C., Blair, J. M., Stone, D. M., Ottley, P. G., & Dills, J. (2022, May 13). Vital signs: Changes in firearm homicide and suicide rates — United States, 2019–2020. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7119e1.htm?s_cid=mm7119e1_w#T1_down

Kertscher, T. (2020, August 10). Fact-checking claim about deaths, damage from black lives matter protests. Austin American-Statesman. Retrieved from https://www.statesman.com/story/news/politics/elections/2020/08/10/fact-checking-claim-about-deaths-damage-from-black-lives-matter-protests/113878088/

Kirchick, J. (2021, June 30). The grift that keeps on grifting. Tablet. Retrieved from https://www.tabletmag.com/sections/news/articles/james-kirchick-grifter-nation

Kittrell, C. V. (2006, May). The critical race theory of Kwame Anthony Appiah. University of Tennessee. Retrieved from https://trace.tennessee.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=6030&context=utk_gradthes

Klilbit. (2010, March 5). HAM. Urban Dictionary. Retrieved from https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=HAM

Kruse, B. (2020, June 22). CHOP: Seattle mayor walks back ‘summer of love’ comment. Fox 13 Seattle. Retrieved from https://www.q13fox.com/news/chop-seattle-mayor-walks-back-summer-of-love-comment

La La. (2003, July 22). Plex. Urban Dictionary. Retrieved from https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=plex

Lavin, A. (2020, January 29). Michael Scott and standpoint epistemology. The Blog of the American Philosophical Association. Retrieved from https://blog.apaonline.org/2020/01/29/michael-scott-and-standpoint-epistemology/

Lemieux, P. (2022, March 29). Is there a swing of the pendulum? Econlib. Retrieved from https://www.econlib.org/is-there-a-swing-of-the-pendulum/

Libre Initiative, The. What is economic opportunity? Retrieved from https://thelibreinitiative.com/economic-opportunity/

Lobdell, S. (2019, July 23). Maxo Kream remains the rap game’s most honest storyteller on his excellent new album “Brandon Banks.” SteroVision. Retrieved from https://thestereovision.com/content/2019/7/23/maxo-kream-remains-the-rap-games-most-honest-storyteller-on-his-excellent-new-album-brandon-banks

Loggins, B. (2021, September 25). What is infantilization? Verywell Mind. Retrieved from https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-infantilization-5194849

Lopez, G. (2014, October 13). This Twitter account tweets the names of black people shot by police. Vox. Retrieved from https://www.vox.com/xpress/2014/10/13/6968927/michael-brown-ferguson-police-shootings-race-minorities-color-of-change-killedbycops

Manas, B. (2022, February 22). 5 Reasons why we need to stop telling other people to “Do better!” Elephant Journal. Retrieved from https://www.elephantjournal.com/2022/02/5-reasons-why-we-need-to-stop-telling-other-people-to-do-better-billy-manas/

Marin County Office of Education. (n.d.). The soft bigotry of low expectations. Retrieved from https://www.marinschools.org/cms/lib/CA01001323/Centricity/Domain/1250/Soft%20Bigotry%20of%20Low%20Expectations.pdf

Martin, K. (2021, July 9). Tips and eight examples for new short answer “Please share how you believe your experience at UT-Austin will prepare you to ‘change the world’ after you graduate.” Tex Admissions. Retrieved from https://texadmissions.com/blog/2021/7/9/tips-and-examples-for-please-share-how-you-believe-your-experience-at-ut-austin-will-prepare-you-to-change-the-world-after-you-graduate

Master Class. (2022, March 2). What is marginalization? Types, causes, and effects. Retrieved from https://www.masterclass.com/articles/marginalization-explained

Matweychuk, W. J. (2014, March 11). Humans are disturbable by nature and nature. REBT Doctor. Retrieved from https://rebtdoctor.com/29-blog-self-help-posts-on-rebt/humans-are-disturbable-by-nature-and-nurture

Matweychuk, W. J. (n.d.). Why fallible humans may dislike REBT. REBT Doctor. Retrieved from https://rebtdoctor.com/28-why-you-may-dislike-rebt.html

Maxo Kream. (2015, March 6). KKK [Video]. YouTube. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/zMmcR9PmFBE

Maxo Kream. (2021, October 13). Maxo Kream - Greener knots (Official Video) [Video]. YouTube. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/VCHZyFXuw_k

Maxo Kream. (2019, July 18). Maxo Kream - Murda blocc (Audio) ft. A$AP Ferg [Video]. YouTube. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/GaNMqrSzSgk

Maxo Kream. (2015, March 6). Murder [Video]. YouTube. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/ftu0y2Ax1GM

McCaffree, K. & Saide, A. (2021). How informed are Americans about race and policing? Skeptic Research Center. Retrieved from https://www.skeptic.com/research-center/reports/Research-Report-CUPES-007.pdf

Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Sociopolitical. Retrieved from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sociopolitical

Most, D. (2020, June 4). Ibram X. Kendi, leading scholar of racism, to join BU and launch BU Center for Antiracist Research. Boston University. Retrieved from https://www.bu.edu/articles/2020/ibram-x-kendi-leading-scholar-on-racism-to-join-bu/

Nasheed, J. (2020, July 28). “Black-on-black crime” is a dangerous myth. Teen Vogue. Retrieved from https://www.teenvogue.com/story/black-on-black-crime-myth

National Bullying Prevention Center. (n.d.). Bullying 101. Pacer. Retrieved from https://www.pacer.org/bullying/info/info-facts.asp

National File. (2019, December 29). ADL adds 13/52 as a ‘numeric hate symbol.’ Retrieved from https://nationalfile.com/adl-adds-13-52-as-a-numeric-hate-symbol/

National Museum of African American History & Culture. (n.d.). Social identities and systems of oppression. Smithsonian. Retrieved from https://nmaahc.si.edu/learn/talking-about-race/topics/social-identities-and-systems-oppression

National Museum of African American History & Culture. (n.d.). Whiteness. Smithsonian. Retrieved from https://nmaahc.si.edu/learn/talking-about-race/topics/whiteness

Ocasio-Cortez, A. [@AOC]. (2020, May 26). Police shootings are now a leading cause of death for young men *across the board* in the US. For Black men and boys, the risk of being killed by police is *1 in 1,000* [Tweet]. Twitter. Retrieved from https://twitter.com/aoc/status/1265419197749907457

Ooms, J. A., Jansen, C. J. M., Hommes, S., & Hoeks, J. C. J. (2017). “Don’t make my mistake”: On the processing of narrative fear appeal. International Journal of Communication. Retrieved from https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/viewFile/6683/2205

Pazzanese, C. (2021, May 13). How unjust police killings damage the mental health of black Americans. The Harvard Gazette. Retrieved from https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2021/05/how-unjust-police-killings-damage-the-mental-health-of-black-americans/

Petersen, L. (2019, January 24). What is mobbing at the workplace? Chron. Retrieved from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/mobbing-workplace-43426.html

Polumbo, B. (2020, September 16). George Floyd riots caused record-setting $2 billion in damage, new report says. Here’s why the true cost is even higher. Fee Stories. Retrieved from https://fee.org/articles/george-floyd-riots-caused-record-setting-2-billion-in-damage-new-report-says-here-s-why-the-true-cost-is-even-higher/

Quiroz-Gutierrez, M. (2021, May 6). American companies pledged $50 billion to black communities. Most of it hasn’t materialized. Fortune. Retrieved from https://fortune.com/2021/05/06/us-companies-black-communities-money-50-billion/

Quote Investigator. (2014, January 12). History does not repeat itself, but it rhymes. Retrieved from https://quoteinvestigator.com/2014/01/12/history-rhymes/

Racial Equality Tools. (n.d.). Internalized racism. Retrieved from https://www.racialequitytools.org/resources/fundamentals/core-concepts/internalized-racism

Radhakrishnan, R. (2020, November 12). What exactly does a psychotherapist do? MedicineNet. Retrieved from https://www.medicinenet.com/what_exactly_does_a_psychotherapist_do/article.htm

Raikes, J. (2019, July 16). America’s legacy of white supremacy. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/jeffraikes/2019/07/16/americas-legacy-of-white-supremacy/

Romano, A. (2020, August 25). Why we can’t stop fighting about cancel culture. Vox. Retrieved from https://www.vox.com/culture/2019/12/30/20879720/what-is-cancel-culture-explained-history-debate

Rowe, I. (2020, June 21). The power of personal agency. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-power-of-personal-agency-11592770867

Schindler, M. & Kittredge, J. (2020, December 2). A crisis within a crisis: Police killings of black emerging adults. Brookings. Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/blog/how-we-rise/2020/12/02/a-crisis-within-a-crisis-police-killings-of-black-emerging-adults/

School of Public Health. (2020). Perspective: Racism is ‘pernicious, pervasive, cutting short lives.’ Harvard. Retrieved from https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/hsph-in-the-news/perspective-racism-is-pernicious-pervasive-cutting-short-lives/

Serpell, N. (2022, August 2). A world without white people. The Atlantic. Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2022/09/the-last-white-man-book-review-mohsin-hamid/670607/

Seymour, R. (2017, September 25). People of color are coddled. Baltimore Sun. Retrieved from https://www.baltimoresun.com/opinion/readers-respond/bs-ed-rr-racism-20170925-story.html

Shapiro, A. (2020, June 18). ‘Interrupt the systems’: Robin DiAngelo on ‘white fragility’ and anti-racism. NPR. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/2020/06/17/879136931/interrupt-the-systems-robin-diangelo-on-white-fragility-and-anti-racism

Silva, C. (2020, June 5). UCF denounces ‘white shaming’ professor after racist tweets surface. Creative Loafing Tampa Bay. Retrieved from https://www.cltampa.com/news/ucf-denounces-white-shaming-professor-after-racist-tweets-surface-12262959

Southern Poverty Law Center. (n.d.). Groups. Retrieved from https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/groups

Spicer, A. (2020, June 30). The psychology of being a better ally in the office – and beyond. The Conversation. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/the-psychology-of-being-a-better-ally-in-the-office-and-beyond-140902

Spootyhead. (2017, January 24). Feels over reals. Urban Dictionary. Retrieved from https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=feels%20over%20reals

Statista. (2022, April). Number of people shot to death by the police in the United States from 2017 to 2022, by race. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/585152/people-shot-to-death-by-us-police-by-race/

Subiefreak. (2017, November 16). Raid. Urban Dictionary. Retrieved from https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Raiding

Surbhi, S. (2018, August 22). Difference between should, ought to and must. Key Differences. Retrieved from https://keydifferences.com/difference-between-should-ought-to-and-must.html

Tavanti, M. (2021, April 6). Social justice changes the world. University of San Francisco. Retrieved from https://usfblogs.usfca.edu/nonprofit/2021/04/06/social-justice-changes-the-world/

Tayia, K. (2020, May 9). 3 reasons why “black on black” crime is a myth. Retrieved from https://medium.com/@ninashakur/3-reasons-why-black-on-black-crime-is-a-myth-b2601edde58e

Thejimler. (2015, October 7). Crybully. Urban Dictionary. Retrieved from https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=crybully

Theravive. (n.d.). Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT). Retrieved from https://www.theravive.com/therapedia/rational-emotive-behavior-therapy-(rebt)

Thernstrom, A. & Thernstrom, S. (1998, March 1). Black progress: How far we’ve come, and how far we have to go. Brookings. Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/articles/black-progress-how-far-weve-come-and-how-far-we-have-to-go/

T-moze. (2020, June 23). Karen. Urban Dictionary. Retrieved from https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Karen

Tobias, K. (2013). Milestone misery? Stop shoulding on yourself. The Albert Ellis Institute. Retrieved from https://albertellis.org/2013/10/milestone-misery-stop-shoulding/

Townhall.com [@townhallcom]. (2022, July 22). KAMAL: “We are a nation in mourning as a result of gun violence. Black people are 13% of America’s population, and I think it’s 62% of homicide victims to gun violence” [Tweet]. Twitter. Retrieved from https://twitter.com/townhallcom/status/1550526039234908164

Tripses, J. S. (2005). Social change agents: Counselors, principals, and human service administrators’ action for social justice. Eric Institute of Education Sciences. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED490579.pdf

Trotta, D. (2022, May 10). U.S. gun deaths surged 35% in 2020, higher for black people – CDC. Reuters. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-gun-deaths-surged-35-2020-higher-black-people-cdc-2022-05-10/

Turner, M. J. (2016, September 20). Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT), irrational and rational beliefs, and the mental health of athletes. Frontiers in Psychology. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5028385/

U.S. Census Bureau. (n.d.). QuickFacts United States. Retrieved from https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/US/PST045219

U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. (n.d.). Housing discrimination under the fair housing act. Retrieved from https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/fair_housing_equal_opp/fair_housing_act_overview

U.S. Department of Justice. (n.d.). Types of educational opportunities discrimination. Retrieved from https://www.justice.gov/crt/types-educational-opportunities-discrimination

Walt Disney Company, The. (n.d.). At Disney, inclusion is for everyone. Retrieved from https://reimaginetomorrow.disney.com/

White House, The. (2021, June 25). Executive order on diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility in the federal workforce. Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2021/06/25/executive-order-on-diversity-equity-inclusion-and-accessibility-in-the-federal-workforce/

Wikipedia. (n.d.). AK-47. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AK-47

Wikipedia. (n.d.). Anti-defamation league. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-Defamation_League

Wikipedia. (n.d.). AR-15style rifle. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AR-15_style_rifle

Wikipedia. (n.d.). Black supremacy. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_supremacy

Wikipedia. (n.d.). Cancel culture. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancel_culture

Wikipedia. (n.d.). Circular breathing. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circular_breathing

Wikipedia. (n.d.). Disadvantaged. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disadvantaged

Wikipedia. (n.d.). Disfranchisement. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disfranchisement

Wikipedia. (n.d.). Is—ought problem. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Is%E2%80%93ought_problem

Wikipedia. (n.d.). Kamala Harris. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris

Wikipedia. (n.d.). Ku klux klan. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan

Wikipedia. (n.d.). Maxo 187. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxo_187

Wikipedia. (n.d.). Maxo Kream. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxo_Kream

Wikipedia. (n.d.). Oath keepers. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oath_Keepers

Wikipedia. (n.d.). Patriot front. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patriot_Front

Wikipedia. (n.d.). Proud boys. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proud_Boys

Wikipedia. (n.d.). Race card. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_card

Wikipedia. (n.d.). Southern poverty law center. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Poverty_Law_Center

Wikipedia. (n.d.). The emperor’s new clothes. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Emperor%27s_New_Clothes

Wikipedia. (n.d.). Three percenters. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Percenters

Wikipedia. (n.d.). Underrepresented group. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underrepresented_group

Willingham, A. J. (2020, June 16). These are the ordinary things they were doing when they were killed by police. CNN. Retrieved from https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/16/us/black-lives-matter-police-violence-what-people-were-doing-trnd/index.html

WorldStarHipHop. (2017, April 28). Maxo Kream “Grannies” (WSHH exclusive - Official music video) [Video]. YouTube. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/0p4S9P1DFrE

Xxxxxxxxfanboyxxxxxxxxxx. (2020, November 20). Offended on behalf od someone else. Urban Dictionary. Retrieved from https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Offended%20on%20behalf%20of%20someone%20else

Recent Posts

See All
bottom of page