Summertime Is the Killing Season
- Deric Hollings
- 6 days ago
- 13 min read
When providing psychoeducational lessons on Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), I teach people about the ABC model of self-disturbance (how people upset themselves through use of irrational beliefs). Now, I’ll address a finer point of this psychotherapeutic model of wellness.
For context, REBT uses the ABC model to illustrate how when an undesirable Action occurs and you Believe an unhelpful narrative about the event, it’s your unfavorable assumption, not the occurrence itself, that causes an unpleasant Consequence. That negative outcome is disturbance.
In particular, there are four predominate irrational beliefs which people often use to disturb themselves: global evaluations, low frustration tolerance, awfulizing, and demandingness. When contemplating these unproductive Beliefs, think of the acronym GLAD.
It’s worth noting that the two forms of should, must, and ought-type demands with which people most often self-disturb are associated with use of absolutistic and conditional should beliefs. Generally speaking, these serve as rigid commands used toward oneself, others, and life.
An absolute must narrative is, “You absolutely must do as I say!” A conditional should narrative is, “Either you should do as I say, or you should be punished!” Significantly, in REBT literature, demandingness of this sort is said to function as a primary appraisal mechanism of disturbance.
Global evaluations (i.e., self-downing, other-downing, and life-downing), low frustration tolerance (also known as frustration intolerance), and awfulizing (e.g., terrible, horrible, etc.) function as secondary appraisal mechanisms. Together, GLAD will make you sad or mad, etc.
Noteworthy, with my approach to care for mental, emotional, and behavioral health (collectively “mental health”), I invite people to consider mental scripts which are rational (in accordance with both logic and reason) – especially regarding events which correlate with strong feelings.
Logic is the interrelation or sequence of facts when seen as inevitable or predictable, and reason is a statement offered in explanation or justification. As such, I often use syllogisms (deductive schemes of formal argument consisting of a major and a minor premise and a conclusion).
Importantly, a syllogistic statement, proposition, or belief may be logical while simultaneously unreasonable. In this case, even though the logic consequentially follows (the conclusion is a necessary and inevitable result of previous facts or premises), it’s considered irrational.
While still functioning as prescriptive rather than descriptive, flexible use of recommendatory, preferential, ideal, empirical, moral and ethical, and legal ought beliefs won’t inevitably cause disturbance, as they may align with distress. Thus, rigidity versus flexibility makes a difference.
As well, a rigid form of irrational belief results in self-disturbance (e.g., rage) while a flexible form of rational belief results in self-distress (e.g., righteous indignation). Ergo, what one thinks, feels (i.e., emotions and sensations), and behaves reveals what type of beliefs are being used.
Addressing how people upset themselves with unhelpful attitudes, the ABC model incorporates Disputation of unproductive philosophies of life in order to explore Effective new beliefs. Whereas rigid beliefs cause self-disturbance, flexible beliefs result in an un-disturbed condition.
Remarkably, natural forms of distress are tolerable (e.g., mild anxiousness, sorrow, frustration, annoyance, disappointment, etc.). Even though unnatural forms of disturbance are also tolerable (e.g., enragement), my approach to REBT seeks the outcome which is more likely to be endured.
Now, I offer a finer point of understanding in regard to the ABC model. In particular, I invite you to consider use of a hypothetical syllogism.
Form –
If p, then q; if q, then r; therefore, if p, then r.
Example –
Major premise: If I routinely practice REBT, then I’ll likely self-disturb less.
Minor premise: If I’ll likely self-disturb less, then I’ll probably have a better life.
Conclusion: Therefore, if I routinely practice REBT, then I’ll probably have a better life.
It’s worth further noting that I view many events through the proverbial lens of REBT, as I’ll provide a psychoeducational lesson that involves thinking and believing which is rational (in accordance with both logic and reason), or not (i.e., irrational), as it regards REBT herein.
Here, “logic” is the interrelation or sequence of facts or events when seen as inevitable or predictable, and “reason” is a statement offered in explanation or justification. For instance, a modus ponens syllogism uses the following logical form: If p, then q; p; therefore, q.
Before I provide an example, it may be useful to know that one source states, “A theory is, in general, any hypothesis or set of ideas about something, formed in any number of ways through any sort of reasoning for any sort of reason.” Colloquially, a “theory” alludes to a mere belief.
If every theory in which I believe possibly could be true or real (p), then every theory in which I believe empirically must be true or real (q). Every theory in which I believe possibly could be true or real (p). Therefore, every theory in which I believe empirically must be true or real (q).
This proposition follows logical form; yet I argue that it isn’t reasonable, because what could be isn’t necessarily what is. Thus, I consider this syllogistic belief as that relating to irrationality. Nevertheless, I have little doubt that at least one person on this planet disagrees with my outlook.
Noteworthy, my worldview is subjective (characteristic of or belonging to reality as perceived rather than as independent of mind). Thus, not everyone agrees with what everybody else deems as rational or not. Irrespective of advocacy for equality, not everyone maintains the same views.
For clarity, the American Psychological Association defines subjective as “taking place or existing only within the mind,” and defines objective as “having verifiable existence in the external world, independently of any opinion or judgment.”
Also, a rational perspective for one person may not be considered rational by members of a group. For example, people dedicating themselves to the practice of science may fervently disagree with referring to a mere belief as a “theory.” I agree! Yet, this is my subjective view.
With this framing, I now turn toward the debut studio album Get Rich or Die Tryin’ (2003) by lyricist 50 Cent (“50”), to whom I’ve previously referred as a rapper. It contains the track “Heat” which was produced by the legendary Dr. Dre. On his first verse, 50 states:
And your brain hop[s] out the top, like Jack-in-the-box (Yeah)
In the hood, summertime is the killing season
It’s hot out [of] this bitch [i.e., location], that’s a good enough reason (Woo)
I’ve seen gangstas get religious when they start bleeding
Saying, “Lord Jesus, help me,” ‘cause [their] ass [is] leaking
When that window roll[s] down, and that AK[-47] come[s] out
You can squeeze your little handgun, till you run out
And you can run for your backup
But them machine gun shells gon’ tear your back up
God’s on your side? Shit, I’m aight with that
‘Cause we gon’ reload them clips and come right back
I get the drop, if you can duck, you’re luckier than Lady Luck
Look, nigga, don’t think you[’re] safe, ‘cause you moved out the hood
‘Cause your mama[’s] still around, dawg, and that ain’t good
If you [were] smart, [then] you’d be shook of me
Clearly, 50’s use of demandingness is inflexible. Now, for context, “killing” is colloquially defined as the act of one that kills—to deprive of life: cause the death of someone. This is a matter of homicide (a killing of one human being by another).
Additionally, according to one source, “shootings and violence increase in the summer months.” For now, let’s set aside rational reasons for why this may be. Instead, let’s view content from “Heat” to determine 50’s perspective. For this assessment, let’s use a hypothetical syllogism.
Form –
If p, then q; if q, then r; therefore, if p, then r.
Example –
If summertime is the killing season (p), then homicides will increase when the outdoor temperature rises (q). If homicides will increase when the outdoor temperature rises (q), then it’s hot out this bitch, that’s a good enough reason (r). Therefore, if summertime is the killing season (p), then it’s hot out this bitch, that’s a good enough reason (r).
This proposition adheres to logical form. Still, do you consider it reasonable? Although a rise in outdoor temperature correlates with an increase of the homicide rate, do you maintain that it’s rational to justify these deaths by blaming “summertime,” because it’s the “killing season?”
If you’re looking for a provider who tries to work to help you understand how thinking impacts physical, mental, emotional, and behavioral elements of your life, I invite you to reach out today by using the contact widget on my website.
As the world’s foremost hip hop-influenced REBT psychotherapist, I’m pleased to try to help people with an assortment of issues from anger (hostility, rage, and aggression) to relational issues, adjustment matters, trauma experience, justice involvement, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety and depression, and other mood or personality-related matters.
At Hollings Therapy, LLC, serving all of Texas, I aim to treat clients with dignity and respect while offering a multi-lensed approach to the practice of psychotherapy and life coaching. My mission includes: Prioritizing the cognitive and emotive needs of clients, an overall reduction in client suffering, and supporting sustainable growth for the clients I serve. Rather than simply trying to help you to feel better, I want to try to help you get better!
Deric Hollings, LPC, LCSW
References:
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