Personal vs. Collective Ownership of Reactions: Have You Enjoyed Yourselves?
U.S. Elections
Each United States (U.S.) general and midterm election season offers ample opportunity for me to sharpen my personal and professional practice of care for mental, emotional, and behavioral health (collectively “mental health”). Thus, I typically draft blog content regarding elections.
As today (11/3/2026) is Election Day, a designated time for midterm elections in the U.S., I’ll share my points of view concerning how people often make matters worse for themselves when using unhelpful beliefs. Now, far be it for me not to begin a blogpost with a pragmatic example.
I invite you to pay close attention to what you think, believe, feel (sensations and emotions), and your overall opinions concerning what I express herein. Thus, you’re encouraged to consider that I stated in You Cannot Vote Your Way Out of Oppression or Comply Your Way Out of Tyranny:
I stay sane by focusing on (1) what I can control, and (2) what I can try to influence. All else is merely of concern or no concern to me. Now, I invite you to practice REBT [Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy] – irrespective of whether or not you vote. Though you cannot vote your way out of oppression or comply your way out of tyranny, you can stay sane!
I argue that although I’ve abandoned tenets of the Jehovah’s Witnesses, which were taught to me in my youth, practitioners of that religious faith-based approach to life had a rational point regarding political neutrality. Now, it may be worth discussing what is and isn’t rational.
Logic and Reason
Noteworthy, I view many events through the proverbial lens of REBT, as I’ll provide a psychoeducational lesson that involves thinking and believing which is rational (in accordance with both logic and reason), or not (i.e., irrational), as it regards REBT herein.
Here, “logic” is the interrelation or sequence of facts or events when seen as inevitable or predictable, and “reason” is a statement offered in explanation or justification. For instance, a modus ponens syllogism uses the following logical form: If p, then q; p; therefore, q.
Before I provide an example, it may be useful to know that one source states, “A theory is, in general, any hypothesis or set of ideas about something, formed in any number of ways through any sort of reasoning for any sort of reason.” Colloquially, a “theory” alludes to a mere belief.
If every theory in which I believe possibly could be true or real (p), then every theory in which I believe empirically must be true or real (q). Every theory in which I believe possibly could be true or real (p). Therefore, every theory in which I believe empirically must be true or real (q).
This proposition follows logical form; yet I argue that it isn’t reasonable, because what could be isn’t necessarily what is. Thus, I consider this syllogistic belief as that relating to irrationality. Nevertheless, I have little doubt that at least one person on this planet disagrees with my outlook.
Importantly, my worldview is subjective (characteristic of or belonging to reality as perceived rather than as independent of mind). Thus, not everyone agrees with what everybody else deems as rational or not. Irrespective of advocacy for equality, not everyone maintains the same views.
For clarity, the American Psychological Association (APA) defines subjective as “taking place or existing only within the mind,” and defines objective as “having verifiable existence in the external world, independently of any opinion or judgment.”
Also, a rational perspective for one person may not be considered rational by members of a group. For example, people dedicating themselves to the practice of science may fervently disagree with referring to a mere belief as a “theory.” I agree! Yet, this is my subjective view.
I argue that the Jehovah’s Witnesses stance on keeping political neutrality is healthy, as the APA defines health as “the condition of one’s mind, body, and spirit, the idea being freedom from illness, injury, pain, and distress.” Still, what one considers healthy or unhealthy is subjective.
Also, using a modus ponens syllogism (if p, then q; p; therefore, q), I maintain that if voting serves as a distraction from matters one can actually control or influence (p), then I preferably shouldn’t vote (q). Voting serves as a distraction from matters one can actually control or influence (p). Therefore, I preferably shouldn’t vote (q). Thus, I stated in Civic Duty:
If I forego an optional agreement [e.g., voting], referred to elsewhere as an “implicit contract between the government and the people,” what are the consequences of my actions—or in this case of choosing not to vote, a lack of action?
I’ve found a significant number of sources which essentially shame people into performing what is considered the voluntary civic responsibility of voting. Far too many than I care to list, I do want to highlight a quote I think is worth addressing.
Per one source, “Democracy is itself, a religious faith. For some it comes close to being the only formal religion they have.” In my blogpost Disturbing Democracy I noted how U.S. democracy is often conflated with constitutional federal republicanism.
Regardless of how one chooses to frame what form of government exists in this nation, I think the aforementioned quote sums of my current perspective. Democracy, or merging terms—democratic republicanism aligns with a faith-based system of operation.
Personally, voting in U.S. elections – hoping that one’s vote will lead to lasting and effective change, when the American Revolutionary War and American Civil War required bloodshed in order to accomplish such outcomes – is like praying to an unfalsifiable deity. It’s irrational!
Nonetheless, I maintain that it would also be illogical and/or unreasonable for me to moralistically require other people to adopt my beliefs—whether subjectively rational or irrational. After all, I value personal versus collective ownership regarding my own reactions.
Ownership
Specifically, when practicing REBT, I use personal responsibility and accountability (collectively “ownership”). For improved understanding, responsibility is defined as the quality or state of being responsible, such as a moral, legal, or mental accountability.
Here, “responsible” is defined as liable to be called to account as the primary cause, motive, or agent, and being able to answer for one’s conduct and obligations—something, such as the demands of conscience or custom, that obligates one to a course of action.
Also, “accountable” is defined as subject to giving an account—a statement explaining one’s conduct. Accountability is defined as the quality or state of being accountable, especially regarding an obligation or willingness to accept responsibility or to account for one’s actions.
When providing psychoeducational lessons on REBT, a psychotherapeutic modality which arguably requires that one preferably should take personal ownership in order to reduce self-distress or self-disturbance, I lean heavily on both responsibility and accountability.
This is because I maintain that people have personal agency (a person’s ability to control one’s own reactions to activating events which are beyond one’s own dominion, especially when one’s response is limited by someone or something else). This is a matter of self-empowerment.
I argue that it’s a disempowering endeavor to hold people collectively responsible and accountable (termed “ownership” when regarding persons other than oneself) concerning one’s own reactions. For instance, I stated in Are We the Baddies?:
I recall being assigned to the Marine Security Guard detachment in Rio de Janeiro, Brasil in 1999. There, I befriended a Brasilian interpreter who studied law at the time and later went on to become an attorney.
My friend was the individual who educated me about the Monroe Doctrine and how some Brasilians considered it an affront to their autonomy. Before meeting the interpreter, I didn’t even consider that Brasilians were actually Americans (North, Central, and South America).
It was also my friend who critically challenged my support of so-called “American exceptionalism”—the notion that the [U.S.] is somehow exemplary in comparison to other nations. Her guidance was eye-opening, because it was then that I began to wonder whether or not U.S. politicians were the baddies [i.e., bad actors within the world].
The seeds planted in my mind by the interpreter later bloomed and bore fruit related to personal responsibility and accountability versus collective ownership. For instance, personal responsibility relates to what I’m obligated to do.
Personal accountability addresses answerability for having done or not doing what I’m obligated to do. As an example, I’m personally responsible for wiping myself after pooping. If I fail to do so, I’m the only person accountable for the itchiness and irritation I experience when shirking my responsibility.
When using “ownership” herein, I’m combining responsibility and accountability into a single term. Addressing collective ownership isn’t as simple to describe as an if-then relationship (e.g., if I don’t wipe, then I’ll develop a rash [—the conclusion of a modus ponens syllogism]).
This is because ownership across a group of people, especially regarding an entire nation, is much trickier to pinpoint. For instance, when serving in Rio I was a U.S. citizen.
The U.S Consulate General (“consulate”) I was tasked with protecting was staffed by various people from diverse backgrounds. Likewise, the consulate was considered to be U.S. soil, as each place in which a U.S. consulate or embassy is located is deemed to be sovereign soil of the U.S.
Nevertheless, I wasn’t personally responsible or accountable for the actions of my government. Therefore, when members of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) conducted covert operations from consulates and embassies, I had no ownership for their behavior.
As this matter pertains to voting in U.S. elections (or not), I assert that an individual who deems it a matter of personal ownership to irrationally exercise unfalsifiable hope is free to do so. Thus, it isn’t my intention to dissuade any illogical and/or unreasonable act of voting herein.
All the same, if that same person claims it a matter of collective ownership that one’s own candidate didn’t prevail, because politically neutral people like me refrained from voting, then I reject such personal versus collective ownership of reactions. Own your outcomes!
How Things Were, and How They’re Likely to Be
Admittedly, I was no proponent of the administration of former U.S. President Joe Biden. While I recognize that Biden was merely a fallible human being, I’ve openly criticized his behavior within my blog. As an example, I stated in Red Wave (11/5/2022):
According to Slate, “As things stand, the evening of Tuesday, Nov. 8 [2022], is setting up to be one of the best nights in a while for Democrats … to go to the movies and not watch the news.”
Per The New Yorker, “In the House, a modest gain of just five seats would lead to a G.O.P. takeover; on average, the party in power in such midterms loses around twenty-five seats. In the Senate, Republicans need just a one-seat pickup. Math is math.”
Axios states, “With less than a week left to go before the midterms, just about everything is breaking in Republicans’ favor.”
CNN reports, “The bottom line is that if there is a Republican wave nationally in 2022 – which seems to be a strong possibility – we’ll likely see it in New York.”
Per The Hill, “The warning signs are clearly flashing for the Democratic Party,” and, “Based on current trends, Republicans will likely gain between 30 to 35 House seats, and come away with a one or two-seat advantage in the Senate.”
While I could continue citing numerous sources, most of the data I’ve observed essentially suggest the same effect. There appears to be some evidence supporting the potential for a red wave regarding the 2022 midterm elections [i.e., overwhelming Republican victory].
Even though I don’t vote, as I consider it a rational matter to remain politically neutral in practice, I irrationally hoped for the Republican Party to reverse the political course of our nation. Yet, the U.S. went on to partake in genocide, ethnic cleansing, war crimes, and terrorism.
Republicans did little (if anything) to stop our nation’s role in support of Israel—that ostensibly picked fights with various countries and locales within the Middle East. Still, I used personal versus collective ownership of my reactions, stating in You’ll Enjoy Yourselves (11/5/2024):
[I]n a direct democracy, a vote-by-vote does (or presumably would) count. However, in a constitutional republic, this simply isn’t the case. It doesn’t matter how loudly one screams or how emotively one behaves, this is a matter of what is, not what ought to be the case. […]
Other people are free to make their own choices – which doubtlessly will be associated with unpleasant consequences no matter who prevails today, the 2024 U.S. Election Day. Rationally, I choose to acknowledge the limits of my control and influence. Ergo, I don’t vote.
Others choose to delude themselves with the illusion of control and influence by voting. For those of you who illogically and unreasonably select that option, you’ll enjoy yourselves. Right?
In that blogpost, I questioned whether or not readers would enjoy themselves – irrespective of voting for or against now-U.S. President Donald Trump – as they had personal ownership over their own reactions, even though voting doesn’t guarantee collective ownership of outcomes.
Have you enjoyed yourselves? Now, in New Day (1/21/2025), I stated, “I’m not self-disturbed by the idea of a Trump presidency any more than I could’ve upset myself throughout the past four years of Biden’s presidency—the least favorite presidential administration of my lifetime.”
Noteworthy, I stated in Snatching Defeat From the Jaws of Victory (3/3/2025), “I’ve come to realize that the Republicans, conservatives, etc. rarely forego an opportunity to snatch defeat from the jaws of victory.” Furthermore, I stated in The Goomba Fallacy (6/13/2025):
A MAGA [Make America Great Again] schema wouldn’t center allies [e.g., Israel] of America [i.e., the U.S.] before lending attention to matters which directly or indirectly affect American citizens (e.g., funding military operations of other nations, thus raising taxes for Americans). This brings into mind what a separate source says:
America First is a policy in the [U.S.] that emphasizes the fundamental notion of “putting America first”, which generally involves disregarding global affairs and focusing solely on domestic policy in the [U.S.]. This generally denotes policies of non-interventionism, American nationalism, and protectionist trade policy.
Similar to MAGA ideology, an America First platform centers Americans above all other nations. However, this doesn’t mean that other countries (e.g., Israel) are completely neglected. Rather, America is tended to first. […]
It’s a highly implausible hypothesis to maintain the dilemma of concurrent MAGA and America First outlooks. Thus, it isn’t a matter of a false dichotomy to rationally maintain that one either supports a MAGA ideology or supports an America First philosophy.
U.S. involvement in genocide, ethnic cleansing, war crimes, and terrorism under the Biden administration actually ramped up under the Trump administration – in support of Israel – despite the latter’s supposed advocacy for MAGA and America First sociopolitical platforms!
Thus, I stated in The Problem-Solution Dialectic: A Wicked Problem (4/6/2026), “I can admit that Trump’s second term has secured his position as the new least favorite present of my lifetime.” Turns out, the U.S. right-wing political establishment isn’t favored by many people.
Now, someone to whom I’ve paid close attention regarding U.S. polling, Rich Baris, has stated, “Even IF Republicans somehow outperform the bloodbath, Republicans need to excommunicate the people who put a foreign nation ahead of President Trump and the coalition.”
It appears as though Republicans may’ve snatched defeat from the jaws of victory! For instance, NBC reports that only 38% of U.S. voters approve of Trump’s actions while in office and that 52% of polled U.S. voters favor the Democrats to prevail at the close of this Election Day.
Likewise, the BBC reports, “Trump’s poor ratings help explain why Democrats are hopeful of winning both chambers of Congress [i.e., House of Representatives and Senate] and why they are setting their sights on states that Republicans have won consistently in recent years.”
Similarly, Reuters reports, “On Tuesday afternoon [11/3/2026], prediction market prices aggregated by analytics firm BetInt were mostly unchanged from noon, implying Democrats had a 94% chance of taking the House of Representatives and a 74% chance of taking the Senate.”
As matters stand at the time this blogpost is being drafted, it’s likely that Democrats will retake both chambers of Congress, though whether or not this will result in an end to U.S. involvement in genocide, ethnic cleansing, war crimes, and terrorism remains to be seen. I doubt it!
REBT
Now, REBT uses the ABC model to illustrate that when an undesirable Action occurs and you Believe an unhelpful narrative about the event, it’s your unfavorable assumption, not the event itself, that causes an unpleasant Consequence. This is known as distress or disturbance.
Noteworthy, with virtually any undesirable Action that occurs, it’s your unfavorable Beliefs which cause unpleasant distress or disturbance (Consequence). Given this framing of self-distress and self-disturbance, it’s worth noting that one REBT source states (page 71):
REBT conceptualizes [distress] as healthy even though it is intense. Other approaches to therapy have as their goal the reduction of the intensity of negative emotions. They take this position because they do not keenly differentiate between healthy negative emotions (distress) and unhealthy negative emotions (disturbance).
Now, REBT keenly distinguishes between healthy distress and unhealthy disturbance. Healthy distress stems from your rational beliefs about a negative activating event [Action], whilst disturbance stems from your irrational beliefs about the same event.
Complete elimination of distress is highly unlikely in an impermanent and uncertain world, wherein people conceptually suffer, struggle, and battle with, or merely experience hardship. Still, individuals often make matters worse for themselves by disturbing about such instances.
In particular, there are four predominate irrational beliefs which people often use to distress or disturb themselves: global evaluations, low frustration tolerance, awfulizing, and demandingness. When contemplating these unproductive scripts, think of the acronym GLAD.
Additionally, from a psychological standpoint, people distress or disturb themselves using a Belief-Consequence (B-C) connection. Of course, this isn’t to suggest that in the context of the naturalistic or physical world there is no Action-Consequence (A-C) connection.
From an A-C view, person X votes (Action), though this individual’s preferred political candidate doesn’t prevail (Consequence). Even so, it’s person X’s B-C view and a lack of personal ownership which causes negative, but unhealthy anger and aggression.
Person X’s candidate loses (Action), person X Believes, “Other voters and non-voters are worthless [G] and can’t be tolerated [L], as they’re deplorable [A] and shouldn’t stay in the U.S. [D],” and this view then causes negative, but unhealthy anger and aggression (Consequence).
Addressing how people upset themselves with unhelpful attitudes, the ABC model incorporates Disputation of unproductive philosophies of life in order to explore Effective new beliefs. Whereas rigid beliefs cause self-disturbance, flexible beliefs result in an un-disturbed condition.
Also, REBT uses unconditional acceptance (UA) to relieve self-induced suffering, especially regarding elections! This is accomplished through use of unconditional self-acceptance (USA), unconditional other-acceptance (UOA), and unconditional life-acceptance (ULA).
With my approach to REBT, I incorporate author Stephen Covey’s concepts regarding the circles of control, influence, and concern, as well as an area of no concern. UA maps onto the circle of control (USA), circle of influence (UOA), and circle of concern and area of no concern (ULA).
The circle of control encompasses only oneself, the circle of influence encapsulates elements which may be subject to one’s sway, the circle of concern engrosses most matters one can imagine, and the area of no concern relates to all content which isn’t yet imagined.
Concerning person X’s circle of control and USA, one could acknowledge that personal ownership for unfavorable elections can be practiced. Regarding this individual’s circle of influence and UOA, person X could admit that a collective ownership view isn’t helpful.
Relating to person X’s circle of concern and ULA, this individual could recognize that one cannot vote one’s way out of oppression or comply one’s way out of tyranny. Pertaining to person X’s area of no concern, a realm in which everyone votes the same, that’s just absurd!
Conclusion
I don’t vote, because, in part, I see the irrationally hopeful act as little more than wishcasting (the act of presenting a wish as a forecast). No human civilization of which I’m aware has been able to employ this sort of magical thinking with any degree of success without involving bloodshed!
Then again, I wasn’t alive during the American Revolutionary War and American Civil War. Perhaps historical narratives are inaccurate and nonviolent means of changing power actually occurred. Yet, that nonsense isn’t how the U.S. and Israel have conducted business for years!
In actuality, U.S. involvement in genocide, ethnic cleansing, war crimes, and terrorism under the Biden administration ramped up under the Trump administration. All of this occurred despite votes by U.S. citizens to the contrary, and it will likely continue occurring after Election Day!
Understanding this, I practice personal ownership of my reaction to the ruse of voting, as I don’t use collective ownership regarding my fellow U.S. citizens whose reactions to lie after lie by fallible politicians is self-disturbed, while our nation is in slow decline from overseas bullying.
Herein, I’ve provided a psychoeducational lesson on REBT, and how you can maintain your sanity – irrespective of whether or not you’re enjoying yourself as our nation is arguably in chaos. Now, actually practicing REBT is up to you! You’ll enjoy yourself either way, right?
If you’re looking for a provider who tries to work to help you understand how thinking impacts physical, mental, emotional, and behavioral elements of your life, I invite you to reach out today by using the contact widget on my website.
As a psychotherapist, I’m pleased to try to help people with an assortment of issues ranging from anger (hostility, rage, and aggression) to relational issues, adjustment matters, trauma experience, justice involvement, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety and depression, and other mood or personality-related matters.
At Hollings Therapy, LLC, serving all of Texas, I aim to treat clients with dignity and respect while offering a multi-lensed approach to the practice of psychotherapy and life coaching. My mission includes: Prioritizing the cognitive and emotive needs of clients, an overall reduction in client suffering, and supporting sustainable growth for the clients I serve. Rather than simply trying to help you to feel better, I want to try to help you get better!
Deric Hollings, LPC, LCSW
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Hollings, D. (2022, July 6). Disturbing democracy. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/disturbing-democracy
Hollings, D. (2025, May 16). Eff the logic. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/eff-the-logic
Hollings, D. (2024, July 10). Empirical should beliefs. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/empirical-should-beliefs
Hollings, D. (2024, December 30). Empowerment. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/empowerment
Hollings, D. (2026, May 23). Empowerment vs. disempowerment: Just doing it for the love of the game. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/empowerment-vs-disempowerment-just-doing-it-for-the-love-of-the-game
Hollings, D. (2024, July 23). Encouragement of doubtfulness. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/encouragement-of-doubtfulness
Hollings, D. (2025, February 11). Ethnic cleansing. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/ethnic-cleansing
Hollings, D. (2025, December 13). Explanation and justification. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/explanation-and-justification
Hollings, D. (2023, September 8). Fair use. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/fair-use
Hollings, D. (2025, October 11). False dilemma vs. false dichotomy. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/false-dilemma-vs-false-dichotomy
Hollings, D. (2026, September 14). Falsifiability and unfalsifiability: God is a DJ. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/falsifiability-and-unfalsifiability-god-is-a-dj
Hollings, D. (2024, May 17). Feeling better vs. getting better. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/feeling-better-vs-getting-better-1
Hollings, D. (2026, February 13). Five, four, three… beliefs. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/five-four-three-beliefs
Hollings, D. (2025, September 7). Free in this moment. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/free-in-this-moment
Hollings, D. (2026, April 4). FUBAR vs. a pragmatic, instead of the moralistic, approach to wealth. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/fubar-vs-a-pragmatic-instead-of-the-moralistic-approach-to-wealth
Hollings, D. (2024, January 27). Genocide. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/genocide
Hollings, D. (2023, October 12). Get better. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/get-better
Hollings, D. (2023, September 13). Global evaluations. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/global-evaluations
Hollings, D. (2024, April 13). Goals. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/goals
Hollings, D. (2024, August 27). Guilt and shame are choices. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/guilt-and-shame-are-choices
Hollings, D. (2026, September 16). Healthfully negative vs. unhealthfully negative reactions. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/healthfully-negative-vs-unhealthfully-negative-reactions
Hollings, D. (2024, August 9). Healthy concern. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/healthy-concern
Hollings, D. (2026, June 6). High and dry: Steering a proverbial ship around unhelpful assumptions. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/high-and-dry-steering-a-proverbial-ship-around-unhelpful-assumptions
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Hollings, D. (2026, March 16). Hopeful anticipation vs. disturbing expectation. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/hopeful-anticipation-vs-disturbing-expectation
Hollings, D. (2024, February 20). I have a theory about that. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/i-have-a-theory-about-that
Hollings, D. (2026, June 15). If you’re a fallible human being, then so be it: Go HAM. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/if-you-re-a-fallible-human-being-then-so-be-it-go-ham
Hollings, D. (2025, October 4). Ignorance about the Americans. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/ignorance-about-the-americas
Hollings, D. (2024, October 21). Impermanence and uncertainty. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/impermanence-and-uncertainty
Hollings, D. (2025, September 21). Impugning motive: Swallowing a toad. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/impugning-motive-swallowing-a-toad
Hollings, D. (2024, February 14). Insufferable vs. undesirable. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/insufferable-vs-undesirable
Hollings, D. (2026, July 6). It’s not an opinion, it’s a fact: Am I taking crazy pills? Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/it-s-not-an-opinion-it-s-a-fact-am-i-taking-crazy-pills
Hollings, D. (2025, May 2). It’s outside of my control and influence. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/it-s-outside-of-my-control-and-influence
Hollings, D. (2025, April 23). Judgment. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/judgment
Hollings, D. (2026, March 11). Just the facts. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/just-the-facts
Hollings, D. (2024, January 5). Know the limits. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/know-the-limits
Hollings, D. (2025, October 13). Knowledge, wisdom, understanding. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/knowledge-wisdom-understanding
Hollings, D. (2023, September 19). Life coaching. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/life-coaching
Hollings, D. (2026, May 17). Listening to reason through argument: Is the rhetoric of whataboutism persuasive? Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/listening-to-reason-through-argument-is-the-rhetoric-of-whataboutism-persuasive
Hollings, D. (2023, January 8). Logic and reason. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/logic-and-reason
Hollings, D. (2022, December 2). Low frustration tolerance. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/low-frustration-tolerance
Hollings, D. (2024, June 20). Magical thinking. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/magical-thinking
Hollings, D. (2024, March 4). Mental, emotional, and behavioral health. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/mental-emotional-and-behavioral-health
Hollings, D. (2025, November 16). Mental health, mental illness, and mental disorder. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/mental-health-mental-illness-and-mental-disorder
Hollings, D. (2025, April 16). Mentally corrupt decisions. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/mentally-corrupt-decisions
Hollings, D. (2026, March 7). Mind, body, and soul. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/mind-body-soul
Hollings, D. (2025, April 24). Minding your circle. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/minding-your-circle
Hollings, D. (2025, March 16). Modus ponens. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/modus-ponens
Hollings, D. (2026, September 9). Morals, ethics, law, justice, subjectivity, and objectivity: Can you reserve judgment? Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/morals-ethics-law-justice-subjectivity-and-objectivity-can-you-reserve-judgment
Hollings, D. (2024, September 27). My attitude. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/my-attitude
Hollings, D. (2025, August 2). My philosophy. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/my-philosophy
Hollings, D. (2025, January 21). New day. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/new-day
Hollings, D. (2026, July 13). Nonconscious distress and a centipede. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/nonconscious-distress-and-a-centipede
Hollings, D. (2026, June 9). Nonsense: It’s plainly pride. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/nonsense-it-s-plainly-pride
Hollings, D. (2026, April 4). Objective reality. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/objective-reality
Hollings, D. (2025, September 26). Observing eye and perceiving eye. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/observing-eye-and-perceiving-eye
Hollings, D. (2026, September 18). On feelings… again. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/on-feelings-again
Hollings, D. (2024, November 18). Opinions. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/opinions
Hollings, D. (2025, August 31). Options. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/options
Hollings, D. (2026, April 19). Outcome: Victim mentality and playing the victim. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/outcome-victim-mentality-and-playing-the-victim
Hollings, D. (2026, July 9). Outlook: The more things change, the more they stay the same. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/outlook-the-more-things-change-the-more-they-stay-the-same
Hollings, D. (2025, April 9). Perception, action, and will. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/perception-action-and-will
Hollings, D. (2024, February 24). Personal agency. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/personal-agency
Hollings, D. (2022, November 7). Personal ownership. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/personal-ownership
Hollings, D. (2025, September 9). Personal responsibility and accountability. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/personal-responsibility-and-accountability
Hollings, D. (2024, July 20). Perspective shift. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/perspective-shift
Hollings, D. (2026, June 15). Point of view. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/point-of-view
Hollings, D. (2025, September 19). Power. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/power
Hollings, D. (2025, May 3). Predictability of logic. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/predictability-of-logic
Hollings, D. (2024, July 10). Preferential should beliefs. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/preferential-should-beliefs
Hollings, D. (2024, January 1). Psychoeducation. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/psychoeducation
Hollings, D. (2023, September 15). Psychotherapeutic modalities. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/psychotherapeutic-modalities
Hollings, D. (2024, May 5). Psychotherapist. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/psychotherapist
Hollings, D. (2026, August 22). Rage, rage disorder, and road rage: Negative, but unhealthy anger and aggression. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/rage-rage-disorder-and-road-rage-negative-but-unhealthy-anger-and-aggression
Hollings, D. (2022, March 24). Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT). Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/rational-emotive-behavior-therapy-rebt
Hollings, D. (2025, August 13). Rational versus irrational thoughts and beliefs. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/rational-versus-irrational-thoughts-and-beliefs
Hollings, D. (2024, January 1). Rational vs. irrational. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/rational-vs-irrational
Hollings, D. (2024, October 27). Reactions have consequences. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/reactions-have-consequences
Hollings, D. (2026, April 9). Real Terrorism: Operation Eternal Darkness. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/real-terrorism-operation-eternal-darkness
Hollings, D. (2024, December 5). Reasoning. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/reasoning
Hollings, D. (2024, May 22). Reasoning with the unreasonable. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/reasoning-with-the-unreasonable
Hollings, D. (2024, March 14). REBT and emotions. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/rebt-and-emotions
Hollings, D. (2024, July 18). REBT flexibility. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/rebt-flexibility
Hollings, D. (2022, November 5). Red wave. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/red-wave
Hollings, D. (2023, February 17). Revisiting the circle of control. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/revisiting-the-circle-of-control
Hollings, D. (2024, January 4). Rigid vs. rigorous. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/rigid-vs-rigorous
Hollings, D. (2026, September 30). Rumination: I take responsibility. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/rumination-i-take-responsibility
Hollings, D. (2025, December 31). Sanctum: A focus on irrationality. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/sanctum-a-focus-on-irrationality
Hollings, D. (2025, January 12). Schema. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/schema
Hollings, D. (2026, July 7). Self-distress and distress tolerance. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/self-distress-and-distress-tolerance
Hollings, D. (2022, November 1). Self-disturbance. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/self-disturbance
Hollings, D. (2024, January 6). Self-inflicted insult to injury. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/self-inflicted-insult-to-injury
Hollings, D. (2026, April 21). Self-upset. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/self-upset
Hollings, D. (2024, April 21). Sensation. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/sensation
Hollings, D. (2022, October 7). Should, must, and ought. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/should-must-and-ought
Hollings, D. (2026, February 24). Skepticism: I doubt it. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/skepticism-i-doubt-it
Hollings, D. (2025, March 3). Snatching defeat from the jaws of victory. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/snatching-defeat-from-the-jaws-of-victory
Hollings, D. (2025, December 24). Some people advocate walking. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/some-people-advocate-walking
Hollings, D. (2026, July 3). Spun by absurdity. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/spun-by-absurdity
Hollings, D. (2024, February 27). Suffering, struggling, and battling vs. experiencing. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/suffering-struggling-and-battling-vs-experiencing
Hollings, D. (2023, October 17). Syllogism. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/syllogism
Hollings, D. (2025, August 6). Take an inventory of your obligations. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/take-an-inventory-of-your-obligations
Hollings, D. (2024, February 23). Tautology. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/tautology
Hollings, D. (2022, December 23). The A-C connection. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/the-a-c-connection
Hollings, D. (2022, December 25). The B-C connection. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/the-b-c-connection
Hollings, D. (2026, April 12). The Cartesian crisis: What do I control? What do I influence? Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/ the-cartesian-crisis-what-do-i-control-what-do-i-influence
Hollings, D. (2025, October 22). The construct. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/the-construct
Hollings, D. (2022, November 2). The critical A. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/the-critical-a
Hollings, D. (2025, January 2). The distinction between law and justice. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/the-distinction-between-law-and-justice
Hollings, D. (2025, June 13). The Goomba fallacy. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/the-goomba-fallacy
Hollings, D. (2022, December 14). The is-ought problem. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/the-is-ought-problem
Hollings, D. (2026, February 21). The preferences versus expectations paradigm: Love is not enough, though virtue is. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/the-preferences-versus-expectations-paradigm-love-is-not-enough-though-virtue-is
Hollings, D. (2026, April 6). The problem-solution dialectic: A wicked problem. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/the-problem-solution-dialectic-a-wicked-problem
Hollings, D. (2023, August 6). The science. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/the-science
Hollings, D. (2026, June 22). The secret is to win: The only sane response to tyranny. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/the-secret-is-to-win-the-only-sane-response-to-tyranny
Hollings, D. (2026, April 23). The three traditionally identified components of the mind: Affect, cognition, and conation. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/the-three-traditionally-identified-components-of-the-mind-affect-cognition-and-conation
Hollings, D. (2025, April 15). This cake smells unpleasant. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/this-cake-smells-unpleasant
Hollings, D. (2024, February 6). This ride inevitably ends. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/this-ride-inevitably-ends
Hollings, D. (2025, February 28). To try is my goal. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/to-try-is-my-goal
Hollings, D. (2025, January 9). Traditional ABC model. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/traditional-abc-model
Hollings, D. (2026, March 14). Trolley problem: Distress or disturbance. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/trolley-problem-distress-or-disturbance
Hollings, D. (2024, October 20). Unconditional acceptance redux. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/unconditional-acceptance-redux
Hollings, D. (2023, March 11). Unconditional life-acceptance. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/unconditional-life-acceptance
Hollings, D. (2023, February 25). Unconditional other-acceptance. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/unconditional-other-acceptance
Hollings, D. (2023, March 1). Unconditional self-acceptance. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/unconditional-self-acceptance
Hollings, D. (2024, March 18). Unhealthy vs. healthy negative emotions. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/unhealthy-vs-healthy-negative-emotions
Hollings, D. (2024, October 26). Unhelpful expectations. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/unhelpful-expectations
Hollings, D. (2025, September 28). War crimes: A rational course of action. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/war-crimes-a-rational-course-of-action
Hollings, D. (2024, August 20). We all make our choices. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/we-all-make-our-choices
Hollings, D. (2026, May 26). We aren’t all the same. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/we-aren-t-all-the-same
Hollings, D. (2024, July 3). What equality? Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/what-equality
Hollings, D. (2023, October 10). When others don’t share your worldview. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/when-others-don-t-share-your-worldview
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Hollings, D. (2026, April 5). Wishcasting. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/wishcasting
Hollings, D. (2024, April 17). Wishes, dreams, and goals. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/wishes-dreams-and-goals
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Hollings, D. (2026, May 8). You cannot vote your way out of oppression or comply your way out of tyranny. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/you-cannot-vote-your-way-out-of-oppression-or-comply-your-way-out-of-tyranny
Hollings, D. (2025, October 20). You need to stop. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/ you-need-to-stop
Hollings, D. (2024, November 5). You’ll enjoy yourselves. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/you-ll-enjoy-yourselves
Hollings, D. (2026, March 26). You’ll have suffered twice. Hollings Therapy, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.hollingstherapy.com/post/you-ll-have-suffered-twice
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